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West Point Class of 1969

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Suzanne Rice

Mar 25 2021

Bomber Stories Over Vietnam

“This is the Sign of the True Professional – To March to the Sound of the guns.” For those of you who have not looked in a while, this is the quote by General Westmoreland on the inside cover of the Class of 1969 yearbook.  I tried to let these words guide my career.

     After graduation leave, I wound up in pilot training at Vance AFB, OK with Dick Jarmanas my roommate.  It was a fun and challenging year.  Afterwards, we both went to Castle AFB, CA for Combat Crew Training School – Dick in KC-135 tankers and I in B-52s.  Then, on to my first duty station at Dyess AFB, TX. 

Paul’s B-52

     At the time, each B-52 unit was deploying about three crews to Southeast Asia flying combat sorties out of U-Tapao Royal Thai Air Base, Thailand.

 I quickly volunteered to go thinking the war might soon be over and I didn’t want to miss my chance.  That didn’t happen but by volunteering I became quite popular with my fellow co-pilots; they had all been there several times.  Each “short tour” was 180 days, sometimes a little less.  Flying six missions a week allowed me to get pretty comfortable with my job.  I volunteered to go back after each tour – in all I went six times for a total of two and a half years in theater, 232 total sorties, 32 of them over North Viet Nam.

     For my ground-pounding classmates, I’m sure it wasn’t at all like your tours in Viet Nam.  We returned to base after each mission, ate in the Officer’s Club, and slept in air-conditioned trailers.

     I didn’t get credit for my first mission up north.  I flew with Dick on a refueling mission. (https://thedaysforward.com/global-air-adventure-1971-73/)  Although he was supposed to orbit over Laos refueling fighters that had missions over the North, an F-4 Phantom called saying he would run out of gas before he could reach the tanker.  Dick and his crew, with no hesitation or discussion, turned into North Viet Nam.  They made the rendezvous look entirely normal and routine.  I doubt they even got credit for the “save.”  Dick flew one mission with me, but it wasn’t nearly as exciting – just a routine bombing mission over the South.

      As I mentioned, I got the opportunity to go North a few times.  Those were a little more interesting.  Even though we were at 30,000 feet, we experienced AAA (100mm anti-aircraft artillery),

KS-19 100mm Anti-aircraft Artillery that Menaced Paul

quite a few surface-to-air missiles (SAM), and one fighter attack.  One night over Hanoi, as usual, we were being barraged with SAMs.  One was a little more interesting than most.  With the gunner in the tail giving us continuous updates as he tracked the SAM visually, it exploded almost under our wing but fortunately just short – maybe a bad proximity fuse – but close enough to make my aircraft commander flinch.

Danger over North Vietnamese SAM’s

As to the MIG attack, I’d like to thank the F-4 pilot that put a missile up his tail pipe before he got off a shot at us.

      One war story:  you may remember the press reported that the Cuban embassy in Hanoi was bombed by mistake one night.  That was us.  The bombardier missed a step in his checklist and failed to close the release circuit disconnect, a manual safety feature.  When we reached the bomb release point, nothing happened and when you’re dropping 108 500# bombs, you can definitely feel it.  Panic at the bombing/navigation station until they quickly (certainly less than 30 seconds) figured out the problem.  They closed the circuit and released the bombs.  As luck would have it, I’m not sure if it was good luck or bad, we hit the Cubans.  At any rate, nothing much was ever said to us about the incident.

Paul Goes North to Hanoi

     Just as a footnote, 20+ years later, on my promotion recommendation to colonel, the first line read “232 combat sorties over Viet Nam; 32 over North Viet Nam.” All something I had done as a lieutenant/captain while marching to the sound of the guns.

Inspiration from the Class of 1969 Yearbook, the Howitzer

Written by Suzanne Rice · Categorized: By Paul Murr

Mar 25 2021

Air War

    My path into USAF from West Point was due to my dad. Army policy at the time allowed graduating cadets to be commissioned in another DoD branch if they were connected by way of a parent who was a career officer or NCO or if they were prior enlisted in that branch. My inspiration was my Dad’s story from an Oklahoma farm to commanding a heavy bomber crew in WW2 to flight testing the first swept wing jet bomber (B-47) on the planet to Mach 2 in an F-4. Those of us that went to AF pilot training were pipelined into the system with newly commissioned USAFA grads so most of our student pilot classmates were zoomies. AF policy at the time was to not send newly graduated pilots to front line tactical fighters… F-100s and F-4s at the time. I ended up as a KC-135 copilot as did many others. Once in the system, it was common to move us around to seemingly unrelated parts of the Air Force.

KC-135

    After pilot training at Reese AFB, TX, I became a KC-135 copilot at Dyess AFB, TX. It was a pretty typical first assignment at the time.  In 1971, I began what would be most of my flying was out of U-Tapao Royal Thai Air Force Base, Thailand and Kadena Air Base in Okinawa. U-T missions were mostly fighter support over North and South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. One that sticks in my memory was a night mission into southern China with 4 F-4s in formation carrying only air-to-air missiles and no external fuel tanks. My KC-135 tanker was for all practical purposes the “external fuel tank” for those 4 Phantoms. As a result, we were continuously “passing gas” as they took turns on and off of the refueling boom to keep topped off with jet fuel. A few minutes after passing the Plain of Jars in Laos my navigator exclaimed “Do you guys know where we are?” Yes, we did. The Plain of Jars, known in French as PDJ, located in central Laos, was constantly fought over, and changed hands frequently.

Where They Were
Plain of Jars

Ancient Laotian culture buried their dead in large clay pots there, hence the modern name. At the time “Plain of Bomb Craters” would have been more appropriate.  Our F-4s dropped away and we did a couple of big circles and they returned after a bit with a lot of missiles missing. All done in radio silence; we then headed south back into Laos and then our bases in Thailand. One of 2 times I actually put on my parachute in the KC-135. A useless gesture since the airplane did not have ejection seats for high speed and high altitude.

Okinawa, Site of Kadena Air Force Base

      Kadena flying was mostly B-52 support. The other time I actually put on my parachute in the tanker was when we came back to Kadena one night on fumes into a driving rainstorm dropping the visibility down to PAR (precision approach radar) minimums, the runway ankle deep in water, and maximum crosswind. Normally, a radar controller with a very precise 3-dimension radar talked airplanes all the way down to touchdown. A quarter mile visibility was usually our minimum acceptable, but if there is no Plan B, you’ll take anything! Enough fuel for one shot at the runway and then bail out into Naha Bay. After landing it felt as if we were water skiing down the runway.

    While at Kadena, I was assigned to flying an OV-10 Bronco at the 56th Special Operations Wing at Nakhon Penom Royal Thai Air Force Base in Thailand.

OV-10 Bronco

 The OV-10 was designed as a counter-insurgency aircraft. It had two turbo-prop engines, long landing gear struts, and was armed with various bombs, rockets and 4 M-60 machine guns. It could operate out of small airfields as needed. It was flown by one pilot but had a rear cockpit for an occasional observer. The other airplanes in the wing were CH-53s, HH-53s, AC-130s, MC-130s, HC-130s, and EC-47s. The C-7s, A-37s and A-1s had already been transferred to the Vietnamese Air Force. Like the special operations forces in the other DoD services, we were USAF’s swiss army knife in Southeast Asia. Perfect job for a bachelor too dumb to know that his 25th birthday was not guaranteed. One engagement (out of a lot of options) of note was an all-day running gunfight outside of a Cambodian provincial capitol under attack by the Khmer Rouge. Another of our OV-10s had been over head since sunup and had done a great job of setting up the fight that was rapidly building. Rick (later the USAF chief test pilot on the B-2 program) gave me a detailed briefing on the tactical situation and I set about dodging .51 caliber heavy machine gun fire, mapping out the attackers’ positions, and telling the Airborne Command and Control Center (a highly modified C-130) to send me tactical fighters (an assortment of F-4s and A-7s as it turned out) with general purpose bombs on board. A couple of MK-84 (2000-pound bomb) Laser Guided Bombs from an F-4 took out (vaporized actually) an observation post on the 2nd floor of a former schoolhouse. Another F-4 put a string of 6 unguided MK-82s (500-pound bomb) within 50 meters of the friendlies. Scared the hell out of me but the translator said to keep it coming; we had caught a company plus in the open and there would be no survivors. And so, it went for a while; the good guys were winning. After a couple of hours my relief arrived, and I handed off the situation to him. By the time I landed back in Thailand, he was KIA. One of our helicopters picked up the body the next day. First Distinguished Flying Cross for me…not too sure I deserved it. 

    Post war, I got an assignment as an instructor pilot in USAF pilot training. Thus, began my tenure in the post-war peacetime Air Force. Probably about as frustrating to me as my Army classmates while political correctness overcame common sense. My dad’s example from Depression Era farmer to WW2 combat pilot to flying what was then leading-edge technology jet aircraft was inspirational to me even if I didn’t always grasp it growing up. Airplanes seemed like a natural part of my life and they fascinate me still.       

Written by Suzanne Rice · Categorized: By David Himes

Mar 25 2021

Global Air Adventure

In early 1971, I was a co-pilot in a global air refueling squadron that rotated crews in and out of Eastern Thailand and Fairbanks, Alaska from our home base in Michigan. I had been in the squadron a few months when my crew received orders to go to Thailand. We flew our own aircraft, a modified Boeing 707 called a KC-135, to Thailand. We planned to be there for 4 months.

At U-Tapao Air Base, a KC-135 with a B-52 Landing Overhead

Our combat air refueling mission was to fly to one of several designated orbits that wrapped around the southwest, west, and northwest edges of North Vietnam. Once orbiting, we were joined in formation by our “chicks”.

Refueling with 4 ”chicks” (F-105’s) in tow

Chicks were our receivers, combat aircraft that were flying missions deep into North Vietnam. Each receiver was refueled with a specified amount of fuel using a 20-foot long hard refueling boom.

“Phantom On the Boom”

We also flew the RC-135 on several totally different missions. The RC-135 was a reconnaissance plane and we had Vietnamese riding in the back using very sensitive listening devices to monitor radio conversation between Hanoi and Haiphong. Each mission was a 10-hour orbit between those two cities, with heavy fighter cover under us. The RC was a Boeing 707 with big domes and antennae sticking out.

 We had reasonably good air superiority, allowing for a variety of recon, jamming, and fighter bomber aircraft to operate up north. Each needed to refuel going up and coming back. Aircraft joined us in formation to top off with fuel and get ready to complete their missions or head home. Sometimes there was damage to returning aircraft resulting in loss of fuel. We would go further into North Vietnam to get them. On some occasions we went further in to loiter and support aircraft attempting to recover downed pilots. It was a bad day or night if recovery was not successful.

I have a strong recollection of how hollow I felt each time I crossed deep into North Vietnam. No one wanted to end up in the “Hanoi Hilton” prison. Another strong emotion hit whenever I flew in a southwest anchor at night and could see the illumination flares and explosions on the ground. I would always say a prayer for my Classmates who were down there living that hell.

To Hanoi and Haiphong

It was uncomfortable trying to link-up at night when the weather was bad. No visibility and unstable air made it tough and we would fly all over the place trying to get these heavily armed or sometimes heavily damaged jets the fuel they needed.

One day an enemy Mig-21 managed to pop-up and get within firing range of our KC-135. I will bet that few people have ever put a 200,000-pound Boeing 707 into a 90-degree, 4 G turn. Our plane creaked and groaned but we remained in one piece with no new holes. It was very eerie as the AWACS (airborne command post) radioed the closing distances between us and the Mig-21. I thought I was done for on that day.

I had over 30 combat missions in or on the edge of North Vietnam in KC-135’s and RC-135’s when my crew was pulled out a few weeks early to go to Okinawa. I thought it was a good trade-off until I found out what unfriendly country we were encroaching upon this time (North Korea). Kim Il Sung was in power and already creating big trouble in the area. Lots of concern about weapons he already had.

Okinawa to North Korea

By early 1973 I was in the left seat and had my own crew. It was our turn to go to Thailand, but we were sent to Alaska instead. That also struck me as a good trade-off until I realized that we were going to be flying directly over the North Pole and into Siberia to check on Soviet nuclear testing.

Rare photo of a KC-135 air-to-air refueling of an RC-135 at the North Pole

This was the heart of the Cold War. Do you know how many tall pine trees there are in Siberia? Billions.

 

Siberian Trees as Far as the Eye Could See

I got out of the Air Force when the Vietnam War ended. Air Force pilots were encouraged to get out or take a desk job. I was hired by a company in Kansas City. My first day at work I was sitting at my new desk on the 3rd floor, by the windows. The cafeteria was directly below me and it developed a fire. Flames and smoke were coming up the outer wall right by me. I could not resist seeing the irony of it all.

Written by Suzanne Rice · Categorized: By Dick Jarman

Mar 14 2021

Hey, I Could Really Use a Ride – 1971

Timing is everything and I’m certain that West Point has ingrained that principle in the minds of all its graduates along with so many other important aspects of military life. As a supporting wife, I tried to comply with all the rules, regulations, long and short separations, running our home and keeping the proverbial chin up during difficult times. This is something all military wives share—we are a tough bunch. However, the Army cannot control the human body, at least not mine.

We were stationed in Baumholder, Germany. When I told this story at an A-2 gathering and mentioned Baumholder, there were audible groans from a good portion of the crowd. Must admit, I liked Baumholder. Maybe because it was our first assignment and I had nothing to compare but I endured, even climbing to our 4th floor quarters.

Beautiful Sunrise Over Baumholder Military Housing – see Pat’s fourth floor home

Denny was in a tank battalion commanding Alpha Company. Baumholder could not accommodate tank gunnery, so the entire battalion moved to Grafenwoehr in the late summer for 8 weeks. Here is where the timing comes in…I became pregnant in the winter and my due date fell on the day the battalion was to return. Oops.

The beginning of my 9th month, it was discovered that we were expecting twins. No ultrasounds in those days (1971). The battalion commander allowed Denny to return for a week, but those babies were holding tight. He had to resume his command at Grafenwohr and I chose to move in with another “waiting wife” rather than spend weeks in the hospital as my OB/GYN suggested.  Luckily, I was surrounded with many supporting battalion wives, wives of classmates and those classmates in other units that were also assigned to Baumholder. A-2 classmate, Norv and Kris Eyrich lived in the next building from where I was staying, coincidentally, Kris was pregnant at the same time and due almost on the same day.

So, of course, my labor started the day before the battalion was to return. I knew Denny would be extremely busy making sure his tanks were being loaded on to trains, tying up loose ends and preparing for the long, 12-hour journey back to Baumholder.

I placed a call to the rear-detachment officer. His wife was also pregnant. There must have been something in the water! Anyway, he was just a little riled by this news wondering if he was the designated driver to get me to the hospital. I knew that wouldn’t be a problem because in about 20 minutes there were 6 or 8 wives in my friend Nancy’s living room all trying to figure out who would be able to transport me to Bad Kreuznach, about 40 miles away. I happened to glance out the window and there was Norv, walking his dog. Kris delivered their beautiful daughter a day or two before by C-section. I leaned out and yelled “Hey, Norv, are you going to visit Kris tonight?” He looked up and said “Yes, I’m leaving in a few minutes. Is there a problem?” I replied, “I’m pretty sure I’m in labor, and since you are going that way, I could really use a ride.”

God bless Norv. Without missing a beat, he said “Yes, I’ll bring the car to the front of your building.” My bag was packed and ready as I was instructed to do by the nurses at the OB clinic. I worked my way down the stairwell, with the help of all those ladies. They lovingly padded the passenger seat of Norv’s VW Bug with about 12 towels and off we went.

Route to the Hospital

Norv mentioned that he knew a short cut through the countryside that was faster than the autobahn. Since I didn’t have a choice and the contractions were about 12 minutes apart, I hoped he knew what he was doing. After all, he did get Kris there, right? Right. Turns out a good portion of the road was under construction and the detours were rough surfaces to say the least. With every bump, I prayed my water wouldn’t break and I could tell the contractions were coming a little more frequently.

Meanwhile, back at Graf in the mess hall, Denny got the word about my labor, delegated his company responsibilities for their departure and was frantically searching for some sort of transportation to BK. It was getting dark and raining hard with poor visibility. Denny’s Battalion Commander found a helicopter pilot who volunteered to fly him to the hospital. Since that was the only offer, he took it. What could go wrong?

We thankfully arrived at the BK hospital and Norv escorted me to the admissions desk on the OB floor.

 

Bad Kreuznach Hospital

 The staff behind the nurses’ station, looked at him then looked a me and then looked at him again. A male nurse sneered and said “Captain, didn’t you bring another woman here a few days ago who was also in labor?” Norv explained that yes, that was true, but he was helping a friend this time who was in Graf. I could tell the guy still wasn’t convinced, standing there as I gripped the wall tile with another contraction. He asked for my ID card and Denny’s unit. I handed it over and told him it was 2/68 Armor. I could hear him talking to someone saying 2/68 Artillery. He turned to me and said that unit doesn’t exist. Another sneer at Norv. IT’S 2/68 ARMOR, ARMOR NOT ARTILLERY, I yelled to him. At last it was confirmed, and I was escorted to the labor room. Norv tried to reassure me it would be alright and went to Kris’s room.

I wasn’t sure it would be alright. I was admitted at about 8pm and Denny arrived, looking very pale, at around midnight exclaiming he had one hell of a ride.

At 6:08 and 6:15am, Kelly and Scott came into this world by natural childbirth.

Sweet Wance Twins

Later that morning, the doctor who delivered the children, drove Denny back to Baumholder. Dr. Roth (Werner Roth, MD, a German contract OB) had clinic hours that day at our little dispensary.

It wasn’t at all how I pictured this event would evolve but thanks to bad timing and good friends, it was an experience I will never forget.

Written by Suzanne Rice · Categorized: By Pat Wance

Mar 11 2021

Hooch Area Dogs – 1972

In Vietnam where I served, every compound of American GIs had their own dogs.  These were mostly fed mess hall scraps that the troops sneaked out for their canine buddies.  The dogs were very territorial, fiercely defending their home area and their troops against outside dogs and people.  Our Army helicopter company was the only American unit based inside a South Korean division headquarters compound.

“Hootch” was GI slang for living accommodations.  For American troops, their hootches could mean anything from mud-floor tent shelters which the infantry grunts called home, to actual air-conditioned dormitory barracks like the ones that housed the Air Force guys.  Our company had separate hootch areas for the officers, who were the aviators, and the enlisted troops. 

Originally linear concrete slabs for tents, over the years these hootch pads were transformed by the troops into pretty elaborate living quarters.  At some point early in the war, these slabs had been framed in, making rows of adjoining rough ten-by-twenty foot square sheds, each intended as shelter for two to four troops.  In the officers’ area, the three rows of hootches formed a “C.”

Building materials were salvaged from the long wooden boxes that gunship rockets were shipped in.  

Long Wooden Ammo Box

We hired a local papa-san for three hundred piasters a day to break down the rocket boxes.  With his hammer, he would knock the boxes apart and pull the nails.  After stacking the boards, he pounded all the nails approximately straight and sorted them into coffee cans.  These nails and lumber were what the troops used to build or improve their own hootches, which grew in size and complexity over the years.  As old-timers finished their tours, new guys moved in and continued work.  One group of our warrant officers had knocked out a partition between two hootches and built a four-bunk apartment suite, complete with a brick fireplace and lava lamps in the lounge section.

When I deployed, I brought a twin-size waterbed mattress from stateside; it was brand-new, weighed about eight pounds, about 10” x 15” x 1-1/2” that fit in the bag I hand-carried, along with my Nomex flight suits and leather boots.   Arriving in the unit, I had no problem finding the lumber to build a frame for my waterbed, flat on the concrete slab, but getting 120 gallons of water to fill the mattress was more challenging. 

Eventually, the solution emerged in the form of the fire truck stationed on the flight line.  This was a converted 2-1/2-ton cargo truck, called a “deuce-and-a-half,” with a 1,200-gallon water tank and a pump.  I “bogarted” the truck one morning when all the aircraft were away on missions and drove it behind my hootch.  By adapting a section of helicopter hydraulic tubing with duct tape, I was able to feed the water by gravity into the mattress, returning the fire truck to the flight line before anyone ever noticed that it was missing.

Borrowed Deuce-and-a-half

To my knowledge, that was the only waterbed in all of Vietnam.

Using my waterbed frame as a support, my new hootch mate, Captain Tim, built a bunk bed against the wall over the waterbed, complete with a ladder.  He and I partitioned off the rear twelvefeet of our shed as a sleeping area, with a blackout curtain in the passageway made from a dark green poncho liner.  We wired a pair of low-intensity lights using field telephone wire, and had a cozy little crash pad.

In front of the room partition, we built a day area where Tim installed a chin-up bar.  I had scrounged a broken typewriter, which I was able to fix with safety wire.  At the opposite end of our day area from Tim’s chin-up bar I built a fold-down shelf for my typewriter and letter-writing, with a 60-watt reading lamp overhead.  I could type faster than writing, so letters home were easier to keep up with.

Just outside our hootch front door was the heavy timber bunker which served as the officers’ shelter from incoming ordnance.  Using packets of seeds his wife mailed him, Tim raised a flower garden beside the bunker which he watered daily.  Behind the bunker was a volleyball net, where off-duty aviators sometimes played according to “jungle rules.”  These rules prescribed that each side had a net man, whose job it was to yank the net up, down or sideways as necessary to the advantage of his team.

Assorted Vietnamese came in daily to perform various housekeeping chores for us.  In addition to our papa-san lumber man, we had hootch maids who did our laundry and a barber.

Typical Maid

In the officers’ latrine at one corner of our area, the urinal was made from a section of galvanized 16” pipe split length-wise into a trough, with a constant trickle flow of water.  I discovered one day that the hootch maids did our daily wash by stopping the drain of the urinal, creating a long wash basin for scrubbing out our clothes.  Some things you just wish you didn’t know.

The officers’ hootch area was ruled by four dogs.  The alpha male was a big fellow named Zoomer, who had a magnificent, plumed tail.  His pack included a mother bitch called Pig, and two of her offspring.  The dogs jealously guarded our hootch area.  They were perfectly tolerant of the Vietnamese day workers they knew over the years, and American troops were constantly rotating through, so the dogs accepted us all.  But the dogs absolutely did not like Korean soldiers and would snarl at any hapless Korean troop who had to enter our area.  I suppose the dogs reacted to the strong kim-chee aroma that surrounded the Koreans.

Zoomer ruled his pack like a feudal lord, until one fateful day, when he fell asleep under a deuce-and-a-half.  When the truck started up, his magnificent tail got run over, leaving nothing but a raw bloody string of bones.  Over the seven weeks it took for his tail skin and hair to grow back in, old Zoomer hid out of sight in shame almost the entire time.

Beside the volleyball net was an outdoor grill, where our dogs’ favorite event took place: Steak night.  Every month or so, our crafty supply officer managed to trade something or other for several cases of frozen steaks, which our aviators took great pride in barbecuing.  Once the steaks began sizzling, the dogs clustered round like burrs on Velcro.  As fat and bones got trimmed off, the dogs stood on their hind legs begging the scraps.  After a while, the dogs got so sated from gorging on steak trimmings that they quit begging.  Eventually, they quit coming for more, but they would still eat scraps if we placed them in front of them.  Finally, they were so full they wouldn’t even touch a whole steak laid on their paws.

A “dog’s life” in our hootch area was a pretty good existence, after all.  Sadly, I never knew what became of our beloved dogs after we left in January of 1973.

Written by Suzanne Rice · Categorized: By Guy Miller

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